The Impact of Organizational Integrity on Organizational Symmetry: An Analytical Study in the Public and Private Sectors: Impact of Organizational Integrity on Organizational Symmetry

Zhwan Fathi  Sharif; Kosar Othman  Azam; Sarkar Ahmed  Saeed; Hazhar Talaat  Abubaker  Blbas; Shahen Mohammed  Faraj; Farman Abdalrahman  Mohammed; Arshad Salih  Ali

doi:10.63841/iue22542

Authors

Zhwan Fathi Sharif Electronic Management Department, Technical Institute of Bakrajo, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ Author https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3007-8706
Kosar Othman Azam Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ Author https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3007-8706
Sarkar Ahmed Saeed 2Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0134-2371
Hazhar Talaat Abubaker Blbas Department of Statistics, College of Administration and Economics, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5760-3019
Shahen Mohammed Faraj Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4275-1112
Farman Abdalrahman Mohammed Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ Author https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9562-4784
Arshad Salih Ali Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ Author https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3025-2759

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63841/iue22542

Keywords:

Organizational Integrity, Organizational Symmetry, Optimism, Empathy, Trust, Tolerance, Loyalty, Similarity, Membership

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of organizational Integrity, represented by the dimensions of (Optimism, Trust, Empathy, and Tolerance) on organizational Symmetry, represented by (Loyalty, Similarity, and Membership) in the public and private sectors in the KRI. Researchers used probability sampling to collect the data via a Google form (n = 144) using SPSS software V.26. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to find the frequencies and percentages of the demographic questions. The Chi-Square Test was used to find the association relationship between variables; researchers used Spearman’s rank-order correlation and regression analysis to show the correlation and the impact of organizational Integrity on organizational Symmetry. Results show no statistical relationship between demographic variables and respondents' opinions about how Integrity affected organizational Symmetry. A positive and significant correlation exists between organizational integrity and organizational Symmetry. In addition, results show that there is a statistically significant effect of organizational Integrity (Empathy and Tolerance) on organizational Symmetry (Loyalty and Similarity) and there is a statistically significant effect of one of the dimensions of organizational Integrity (Tolerance) on one of the dimensions of organizational Symmetry (Membership).

Author Biographies

Zhwan Fathi Sharif, Electronic Management Department, Technical Institute of Bakrajo, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ

Zhwan F. Sharif is a [Aassistant Lecturer] at the Department of [Electronic Management], of [Technical Institute of Bakrajo], [Sulaimanyah Polytechnic University]. He got a B.Sc. degree in [Administration techniques at Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah], the M.Sc. degree in [Management Science], and now a Ph.D student in [Business Administration] at Sulaymaniyah University. His research interests are in [Oorganizational theory], and [Oorganizational behaviour].
Kosar Othman Azam, Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ

Kosar O. Azam is a [Aassistant Lecturer] at the Department of [International Trade], College of [Law and Administration], [Halabja] University. He got the B.Sc. degree in [Business Management], the M.Sc. degree in [Business Management – Strategic Management]. His research interests are in [Business Management] and [Strategic Management].
Sarkar Ahmed Saeed, 2Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ

Sarkar A. Saeed is a [Lecturer] at the Department of [International Trade], College of [Law and Administration], [Halabja] University. He got the B.Sc. degree in [Business Administration], the M.Sc. degree in [Innovation and Knowledge Management] and now a Ph.D. student in [Bbusiness Administration] at Soran University. His research interests are in [Business Administration], and [Innovation and Knowledge Management].
Hazhar Talaat Abubaker Blbas, Department of Statistics, College of Administration and Economics, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ

Hazhar T. Abubakr Blbas is a [Assistant Prof.] at the Department of [Statistics], College of [Administration and Economics], [Salahaddin] University. He got the B.Sc. degree in [Statistics], the M.Sc. degree in [Applied Statistics] and the Ph.D. degree in [Applied Statistics]. His research interests are in [Applied Statistics] and [Bio Statistics]. Dr. Hazhar is a member of [Iraqi] [International Society of Teachers] and [Scientific Committee Members at Career Development and Research-CAPCDR].
Shahen Mohammed Faraj, Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ

Shahen M. Faraj is a [Lecturer] at the Department of [International Trade], College of [Law and Administration], [Halabja] University. She got the B.Sc. degree in [Statistics], the M.Sc. degree in [Statistics]. Her research interests are in [Applied Statistics] and [Bio Statistics].
Farman Abdalrahman Mohammed, Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ

Farman A. Mohammed is a [Assistant Lecturer] at the Department of [International Trade], College of [Law and Administration], [Halabja] University. He got the B.Sc. degree in [Administration], the M.Sc. degree in [Business Management - Marketing]. His research interests are in [Business Management] and [Marketing].
Arshad Salih Ali, Department of International Trade, College of Law and Administration, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ

Arshad S. Ali is a [Assistant Lecturer] at the Department of [International Trade], College of [Law and Administration], [Halabja] University. He got the B.Sc. degree in [Management], the M.Sc. degree in [Business Management - Marketing]. His research interests are in [Business Management] and [Marketing].

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