Kinetic, isothermic, and thermodynamic investigations of the adsorption of metronidazole using a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) adsorbent synthesized from deep eutectic solvent: Kinetic, isothermic, and thermodynamic investigations of the adsorption of metronidazole

Hana H. Abdulrahman; Hani K. Ismail

doi:10.63841/31636

Authors

Hana H. Abdulrahman Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya 44023, Kurdistan Region – F.R., IRAQ Author
Hani K. Ismail Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya 44023, Kurdistan Region – F.R., IRAQ Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5407-1806

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63841/31636

Keywords:

Conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), deep eutectic solvents, adsorption, kinetic and isotherms, metronidazole

Abstract

Oxaline, a deep eutectic solvent, was utilized for the inaugural synthesis of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) using chemical oxidation polymerization, which was used as an absorbent material for the adsorption of metronidazole (MET) from aqueous solutions. The formed adsorbent was characterized using a range of techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and zeta potential methods. Additionally, adsorption tests were conducted to examine the impacts of MET concentration, pH, contact duration, and adsorbent dosage. The present results indicated a removal effectiveness of around 80.2% for MET under the following conditions: pH 6, 100 mg of adsorbent, a drug concentration of 100 mg/L, and shaking for 240 minutes. The adsorption process was thoroughly investigated using the kinetic and isothermal models. The Langmuir model and a pseudo-second-order kinetic model were found to be the best fits to the MET adsorption at 298 K. Additionally, the data demonstrated the high adsorption capacity of the PEDOT adsorbent at 86.80 mg/g for adsorption of MET. Analysis using thermodynamics showed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. The adsorbent exhibited exceptional regenerative properties, allowing for reuse throughout five cycles. These findings underscore the efficacy of PEDOT as an absorbent for the efficient adsorption of MET from aqueous solutions.

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Kinetic, isothermic, and thermodynamic investigations of the adsorption of metronidazole using a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) adsorbent synthesized from deep eutectic solvent